Ngo-2023, izimboni emhlabeni wonke zibhekana nezinguquko ezinkulu eziguqula indlela amabhizinisi asebenza ngayo, kugxilwe kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza nasekuphathweni kwezindleko zabasebenzi. Lezi zinguquko zibangelwa ukuthuthuka okusheshayo kwezobuchwepheshe, izidingo eziguqukayo zemakethe, kanye nesidingo esiphuthumayo sokuhlala siqhudelana emnothweni womhlaba. Ukuguqukela ekusebenziseni imishini, ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bedijithali, nokukhiqiza ngobuhlakani kwenza izinkampani zikwazi ukwenza lula izinqubo futhi zinciphise ukuncika emsebenzini wezandla. Ngokwamukela lezi zindlela ezintsha, izinhlangano zingafinyelela amazinga aphezulu okukhiqiza, ikhwalithi ethuthukisiwe yomkhiqizo, nokusetshenziswa kahle kwezinsiza. Lesi sihloko sihlola izici ezibalulekile zokuguqulwa kwezimboni, sigcizelela indima ekuqhubekiseni ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza ngenkathi kulawulwa izindleko zabasebenzi.

Njengoba izinkampani zibhekana nokuncintisana okuqinile nezindleko zokusebenza ezikhulayo, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukuguquka kwemboni kuthinta kanjani kokubili ukukhiqiza nokuphathwa kwabasebenzi. Imigqa yokukhiqiza esebenza kahle inciphisa ukumosha, inciphisa isikhathi sokuma komsebenzi, futhi ivumela ukuguquguquka okukhulu ekuhlangabezaneni nezidingo zamakhasimende. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukulawula izindleko zabasebenzi ngaphandle kokudela inhlalakahle yabasebenzi sekuyinto ebalulekile emasu. Lokhu kulinganisela kudinga izindlela ezintsha zokuthuthukisa abasebenzi nokuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe. I-Foshan Songchuan Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd. (Soontrue), umholi ezixazululweni zemishini, iyisibonelo sendlela abadlali bemboni abangasebenzisa ngayo imishini nezinqubo ezithuthukisiwe ukufeza lezi zinhloso ngempumelelo.

Izindlela zokukhiqiza nokusebenza zendabuko, nakuba zifakazwe emashumini eminyaka, zibhekana nezinselele ezikhulayo endaweni yanamuhla esheshayo. Amasistimu amadala avame ukubandakanya imisebenzi edinga umsebenzi omningi, ukuphendula kancane ezinguqukweni zemakethe, nokwabiwa kwezinsiza okungasebenzi kahle. Lokhu kungasebenzi kahle kunomthelela ekukhuphukeni kwezindleko zokukhiqiza futhi kukhawulela ikhono lezinkampani lokukhula. Ukuze kuqhubeke ukukhula nenzuzo, amabhizinisi kumele ashintshe kusuka kumamodeli avamile aye ezinhlakeni ezisheshayo, eziqhutshwa ubuchwepheshe.

Izinkambiso zomsebenzi eziphelelwe yisikhathi nazo zikhulisa umthwalo wokukhuphuka kwamaholo kanye nokushoda kwabasebenzi. Njengoba abasebenzi abanekhono beba yivelakancane, izinkampani ezincike kakhulu emsebenzini wezandla zikuthola kunzima ukugcina umkhiqizo ongaguquki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhathazeka ngokuphepha emsebenzini kanye namazinga okushintsha kwabasebenzi kugcizelela isidingo sezixazululo eziphephile, ezingcono emzimbeni. Ukuhlanganiswa kwemishini ezenzakalelayo nezinhlelo ezihlakaniphile kuxazulula lezi zinkinga ngokunciphisa imisebenzi ephindaphindwayo nokunika amandla abasebenzi ukuthi bagxile emisebenzini enenani eliphezulu. Lolu shintsho alunciphisi nje kuphela izindleko zabasebenzi, kodwa futhi luthuthukisa ukwaneliseka kwabasebenzi nokubagcina.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imithetho yezemvelo kanye nezinhloso zokusimama zethula izingcindezi ezengeziwe zoshintsho. Izinqubo zokukhiqiza eziphumelelayo zinciphisa imfucuza nokusetshenziswa kwamandla, zihambisana nokukhiqiza nezinhlelo eziluhlaza. Amabhizinisi aguquka kusenesikhathi athola inzuzo yokuncintisana ngokuhlangabezana nezidingo zemithetho nangokukhanga abathengi abanakekela imvelo. Sekukonke, ukuqhubekela phambili ngale kwezindlela zendabuko akuseyona into yokuzikhethela kodwa kuyimpoqo ukuze kusinde emkhakheni wezimboni wanamuhla.

Izindlela ezimbalwa zobuchwepheshe ziphambili ekuguquleni izimboni ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza nokuphatha izindleko zabasebenzi. Ubuchwepheshe bokuzenzakalelayo, okuhlanganisa amarobhothi nezimoto eziqondiswayo ezizenzakalelayo (ama-AGV), buya buvama ezindaweni zefektri. Lezi zinhlelo zenza imisebenzi ephindaphindwayo neyingozi ngokunemba nangesivinini, zivumela ukusebenza kwama-24/7 ngaphandle kokukhathala. Izinkampani ezinjengeSoontrue zikhiqiza futhi zihlinzeka ngemishini ethuthukile efana namarobhothi okupakisha nama-case erectors abonisa lezi zinto ezintsha.

Okunye ukuthambekela okukhulu ukwamukelwa kwezixazululo ze-Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). I-IIoT ixhuma imishini, izinzwa, nezinhlelo zokulawula ukuze iqoqe idatha yesikhathi sangempela ukuze iqaphe futhi ithuthukise. Lokhu kuxhumana kusiza ukulungisa okubikezelwayo, kunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula, futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwemishini (OEE). Ukuhlaziywa kwedatha okuthuthukisiwe kuvumela amabhizinisi ukuthi abone izinkinga futhi aqondise ukusebenza, okuthinta ngqo ukonga kwezindleko.

Ubuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI) nama-algorithms okufunda ngomshini kuqhubekisela phambili ukuthatha izinqumo ngokubikezela isidingo, ukulungisa amashejuli okukhiqiza, nokuphatha izimpahla ngokuguquguqukayo. Lobu buchwepheshe bunciphisa ukumosha nokukhiqiza ngokweqile, okuyizinto ezinkulu ezandisa izindleko zabasebenzi nezokusebenza. Ama-digital twins namathuluzi okulingisa avumela ukuhlolwa okungokoqobo kwezinguquko zokukhiqiza ngaphambi kokuqaliswa, kunciphisa izingozi futhi kuqinisekise ukuguquka okubushelelezi.

Naphezu kwezinzuzo ezicacile, izimboni eziningi zihlangabezana nezingqinamba lapho zihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obusha nezinqubo. Izindleko eziphezulu zokuqala zemishini ethuthukile nengqalasizinda ye-IT zingavimba amabhizinisi amancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo ezindala zivame ukudinga ukuthuthukiswa okuphelele ukuze kunikwe amandla ukuxhumana nokuzenzakalelayo, okuholela emaphrojekthini ayinkimbinkimbi okuqalisa.

Ukuzijwayeza kwabasebenzi kungenye inselelo enkulu. Ukushintshela ezindaweni ezizenzakalelayo neziqhutshwa yidatha kudinga amakhono amasha okuthi abasebenzi abakhona bangase bangabi nawo. Ukumelana noshintsho, izinhlelo zokuqeqesha ezinganele, nokungaqiniseki ngokuphepha komsebenzi kungaphazamisa ukwamukelwa. Amabhizinisi kumele atshale imali ekuphathweni koshintsho okuphumelelayo nasezinhlelweni zokuqhubeka nokufunda ukuze akhe abasebenzi abakwazi ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusafufukayo.

Izingozi zokuphepha kwe-inthanethi nazo ziyakhula ngokuhlanganiswa kwedijithali okukhulu. Ukuvikela amalungelo obunikazi kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kokusebenza kudinga izinhlaka zokuphepha eziqinile, ezinye izinkampani ezingase zingakulungele ukukusebenzisa. Ekugcineni, ukuthobela imithetho kanye nokulinganisa ezimweni ezishintsha ngokushesha zobuchwepheshe kuhlala kuyizinkinga eziqhubekayo okumelwe izimboni zizibheke ngokucophelela.

Ukuze banqobe lezi zinselele, izinkampani zisebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene ahlanganisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwezobuchwepheshe nokuthuthukiswa kwezinsiza zabantu. Isibonelo esiphawulekayo sivela ku-Foshan Songchuan Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd., ehlinzeka ngezixazululo ezikhethekile zokuzenzakalela ezinciphisa umsebenzi wezandla ngenkathi zikhulisa umkhiqizo. Amarobhothi abo okupakisha kanye ne-case erectors azenzakalela imigqa yokupakisha, okuholela ekunembeni nasekungaguquguquki okuphezulu ngezindleko eziphansi zabasebenzi.

Izimiso zokukhiqiza ezinciphisa ukumosha zihambisana nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe ngokugcizelela ukuqedwa kokumosha nokuthuthukiswa kwezinqubo. Izinkampani ezisebenzisa amasu okunciphisa ukumosha kanye nobuchwepheshe obuzenzakalelayo zibika imijikelezo yokukhiqiza ethuthukisiwe nokonga kwezindleko. Ukuhlanganisa izinhlelo zokuqapha ngesikhathi sangempela kunika amandla ukulungisa ngokuqhubekayo, kuvimbele ukuphazamiseka okubizayo nokuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza.

Amarobhothi asebenzisanayo (cobots) avela njengesixazululo esiguquguqukayo esisebenza kanye nabasebenzi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle ngaphandle kokushintshwa okuphelele kwabasebenzi. Le mishini isiza ngemisebenzi ephindaphindwayo noma enzima, ivumela abasebenzi ukuthi bahlanganyele ezindimeni eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ukusebenzisa ama-cobots ngempumelelo kudinga ukuklanywa kabusha kohlelo lomsebenzi ngokucophelela kanye nokubandakanyeka kwabasebenzi ukuze kutholakale izinzuzo eziphelele.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubudlelwano bamasu nabahlinzeki bezobuchwepheshe nezikhungo zokuqeqesha buqinisekisa ukuqamba okusha okuqhubekayo nokulungela kwabasebenzi. Ngokuthuthukisa izinhlaka zobungcweti, amabhizinisi angahlala eqhubele phambili ezimweni zokuguquka kwemboni futhi agcine izinzuzo zokuncintisana.

Njengoba ukuguqulwa kwemboni kushesha, ukuthuthukiswa kwabasebenzi kuba yisisekelo sentuthuko eqhubekayo. Umsebenzi onamakhono okwazi ukusebenzisa nokunakekela imishini ethuthukile ubalulekile ekukhuliseni inzuzo yokutshalwa kwezimali kwezobuchwepheshe. Izinhlelo zokuqeqesha eziqhubekayo ezigxile kulwazi lwedijithali, ukuphatha imishini, nezinqubo zokuphepha zinika amandla abasebenzi ukuthi bajwayele izimo ezintsha ngokuzethemba.

Ukukhuthaza isiko lokufunda impilo yonke nokuthuthukisa amakhono kunciphisa ukumelana noshintsho futhi kunciphisa ukushintsha kwabasebenzi. Izinkampani ezitshala imali ekuthuthukisweni kwabasebenzi zithola amazinga aphezulu okuzibandakanya namandla amakhulu okusungula emaqenjini abo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo zokwehlukanisa nokufaka bonke abasebenzi zandisa ithalente, zibhekana nokushoda kwabasebenzi ngempumelelo enkulu.

Ukufaka ukuqeqeshwa emsebenzini nokusebenzisana nezikhungo zemfundo kudala imigudu yekusasa labasebenzi, kuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona abasebenzi abaneziqu ezanele. Ngenxa yokushesha kokuguquka kwezobuchwepheshe, ukuqondanisa ukuqeqeshwa namazinga nemikhuba emisha yemboni kubalulekile ekugcineni ukusebenza kahle.

Ukuguqula ukusebenza kahle kwemboni nezindleko zabasebenzi kuyisidingo esibalulekile emabhizinisini afuna ukuphumelela ngo-2023 nangale kwalokho. Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukile obufana namarobhothi, i-IIoT, ne-AI, izinkampani zingathuthukisa kakhulu izinqubo zokukhiqiza ngenkathi zilawula izindleko zokusebenza. Ukunqoba izinselelo ezihlobene nokutshalwa kwezimali, ukuzijwayeza kwabasebenzi, nokuvikeleka kwe-inthanethi kudinga ukuhlela ngamasu nobuholi obuzibophezelile.

I-Foshan Songchuan Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd. (Soontrue) ibonisa indlela ukusebenzisa imishini ethuthukile nokusekelwa okuphelele okungasiza izimboni ukuthi zithole lezi zinzuzo. Imikhiqizo yabo emisha ifaka isandla kakhulu ekwehliseni ubunzima bomsebenzi nokuthuthukisa ukunemba kokukhiqiza, iqinisa ukuncintisana.

Ekugcineni, ukusebenzisana phakathi kobuchwepheshe namakhono abantu anekhono kuqhuba ukukhula okusimeme nokuqina. Amabhizinisi amukela ushintsho lwezimboni ngokuqhubekayo azovula izindlela ezintsha zokusebenza, ehlise izindleko, futhi asebenze kangcono ezimakethe zawo. Ukuze uthole ulwazi oluningi mayelana nalezi zixazululo zokukhiqiza ezithuthukile, vakashela i-IMIKHIGIZO ikhasi noma uhlole isizinda senkampani nombono wayo ku-NGATHI ikhasi.